IoT-Based Fire Evacuation System Utilizing BLE Mesh Networkin

An IoT-based fire evacuation system is presented that integrates Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) Mesh networking with smart building components to en hance emergency response. The propsed system enables real-time detection of hazards and adaptive signage that guides people to safety. We detail the system architecture and emphasize how BLE features, such as Connection Sub rating, LE Power Control, Encrypted Advertising, and Periodic Advertising with Responses (PAwR), improve performance in fire scenarios. We also describe the structure of the BLE mesh network, explaining the roles of the nodes and the mechanisms for redundancy and self-healing. The system offers a reliable, secure and energy-efficient solution for emergency evacuation in smart buildings, dynamically routing occupants to the safest exits while maintaining resilient communication during a fire.